1. Diagnostic Tools
The first step in troubleshooting hardware problems on Windows is to utilize the diagnostic tools already built into the operating system. You can use the Microsoft System Information Tool (msinfo32.exe) to gather system information, identify driver versions, and access the Windows Event Viewer. The Windows Event Viewer will provide you with detailed records of application or system errors and may give you hints about what the source of the problem might be.
2. Device Manager
The Device Manager is a great tool for checking what components are installed on your system, as well as their current status. Through the Device Manager, you can view all installed hardware and devices, update drivers, perform diagnostics, and adjust hardware settings. To access the Device Manager, type devmgmt.msc in the Start menu search box.
3.Hardware Tests
If the issue persists after using the Device Manager and System Information Tool, it’s time to run some hardware tests. The most common tests used are memory tests and hard drive tests. For memory tests, the Windows Memory Diagnostic tool can be used. It can be accessed by typing mdsched.exe in the Start menu search box. This tool will test for faulty RAM or other problems with the computer’s memory.
To test for hard drive issues, the manufacturer’s diagnostic software can be used. Most major manufacturers provide free diagnostic software which can be downloaded from their website. If you can’t find any specific software provided by the manufacturer, then you can use the generic Windows Check Disk tool. This tool can be accessed by typing chkdsk /f in the Start menu search box and pressing Enter.
4.System Restore
If the issue is still not resolved after running the tests, then you should try a system restore. System Restore is a feature which allows your PC to revert back to a previously working state. It will undo any changes made since then and hopefully solve the problem. To access System Restore, type rstrui.exe in the Start menu search box and press Enter.
5. BIOS Settings
If a system restore does not work, then you may need to look at the BIOS settings. The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is a set of instructions stored in non-volatile memory which control how the PC boots up. By accessing the BIOS you can adjust settings such as the boot order, hardware settings, and system passwords. To access the BIOS, you will need to restart your PC and press a certain key before the operating system starts loading (usually the Delete or F2 key).
6.Reinstall the Operating System
If all else fails, you may need to reinstall the operating system. This is a drastic measure, but it may be necessary if the issue is severe enough. Before doing this, make sure to backup any important data and make a note of important settings such as the BIOS settings. When reinstalling the operating system you should also make sure to update the drivers and install all the security patches.
7. Last Resort
If none of these methods work, then you should take your PC to an experienced technician. A professional should be able to quickly diagnose the problem and provide a cost effective solution.